Low-down heating and ventilating unit



April 15, 1930. M. J. CALLAHAN 1,754,260

LCW DOWN HEATING AND VENTILATING UNIT Filed March 14, 1925A5.Shee'L's-Sheer, l

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April` 15, 1930- M. J. CALLAHAN 1,754,260

LOW DOWN HEATING AND VENTILATING UNIT Filed March 1 4, 1925 5Sheets-Sheet 4 atentecl ApreI 15, 1930 UNITED MICHAEL J. CALLAHAN, OFNEW YORK, N. Y.

LOW-DOWN HEATING ANI) VENTILATING 'UNIT Application filed March 14,1925.

This invention relates to heating and ventilating apparatus, andparticularly has reference to apparatus of the unit type adapted for usein schools and in the respective rooms thereof, in buildings wherein itis desired to maintain a predetermined temperature in a given room orrooms, in office buildings, hotels and similar structures wherein manyof the rooms are not always in use and heat is wasted unless regulatedand controlled in some local manner.

Heretofore heating and Ventilating units have been manufactured and soldby me having an upright piano form and including certain essentialelements embraced within a casing of comparatively small dimensions andinto which the fresh air was introduced from the outside of the buildingthrough an inlet or fresh air duct extended across the window-sill andprotruding more or less beyond the window sash which is raised for theaccommodation of said duct; or the fresh air is taken from the outsideof the building through an opening below the window-sill 5 made throughthe wall of the building, the duct being extended through the opening inthe wall for the purpose. Such units have given great satisfaction dueto the presence of a mixing damper such as covered by my U. S. PatentNo. 1,503,089 granted July 29,

1924. and also by my Patent No. 1,390,758 granted September 13, 1021. Ademand, however, has grown for a heating and Ventilating unit of greatercompactness and high heating efficiency, and to meet this demand ll haveproduced a heating and Ventilating unit which I call the Peervent andwhich is characterized by the expression Lowdown unit due to the factthat it is constructed to take 0 the fresh air from the outside of thebuild- Serial No. 15,515.

school-room window without interfering with the light passing throughthe latter, or with the raising and lowering of the window sash, andwithout obstructing the windowsill; to provide a heating and Ventilatingunit which is so shallow transversely as to offer very littleobstruction in the aisle of the school-room next to the window at whichthe unit may be installed; to provide a heating and Ventilating unit ofa form, size and shape such that it may be readily installed in a recessin the wall of the room of installation and service so as to protrudebut a short distance into the room, thus eliminating practically allobstruction in the aisle of a school-room, for example; to provide aheating and Ventilating unit with its inlet chamber at the bottom of thecasing and its heating chamber approximately in the middle of thecasing, thus enabling a compact and simpliiied unit to be produced withhigh heating eiiciency; to provide a heating and ventilating unit ofsuch structure as to enable it to utilize, for heating purposes, anunusually small, light and compact radiator made of bronze tubing havinga large radiating surface, combined at their opposite ends in headers orchambers or compartments through one of which distribution of theheating element is made and into one of which the tubes deliver theheating element for return to the source of supply; to provide incombination a small and compact unit including a radiator of compactform to which the steam and return nozzles may be coupled rigidly and ina manner such that the elements of the radiator cannot be twisted ormutilated by the operator or mechanic in coupling the steam and returnnozzles thereto; to provide a heating and Ventilating unit soconstructed that its entire front can be removed and replaced in thefraction of a minute, thus giving easy access to the radiator, motor,fans and other mechanism forming part of the unit, and which front ofthe casing may also be readily raised and lowered when desired for anypurpose and especially for the purpose of recirculation of the air inthe room of installation or service through the unit; to

provide a compact, eiiicient and cheaply constructed heating andVentilating unit which can be operated and run indefinitely quiteeconomically and which will meet with the rigid requirements of thevarious State codes, and which can, in consequence of its structure,mode of operation and efliciency, be advantageously employed for theventilation of libraries, churches, assembly halls, lodge rooms,school-rooms, hospitals, etc.; to provide a heating and Ventilating unitof the type noted in the foregoing with a mixing damper which can beeffectively operated either by hand or automatically, and with amultiplex inlet damper which can be operated effectively either by handor automatically; and to provide a heating and Ventilating unit of suchsize and form and construction as to enable it to be noiseless inoperation, reliable in functional results and always in working order.and which will be of light weight, easy to handle, easy to install, andwhich will bring about a large saving in space in the room of service,

I'Vith the foregoing objects in view and others which will be detailedduring the course of this description, my invention consists in theparts, features, elements and combinations of elements and mechanisms ashereinafter described and claimed.

In order that my invention may be clearly understood, I have provideddrawings wherein:

Figure 1 is a front elevation of a heating and Ventilating unitembodying my invention;

Figure 2 is a vertical transverse section of a unit embodying myinvention, the form of the unit being somewhat different in details fromthat shown in Figure 1;

Figure 3 is a view similar to that of Figure 2 showing another form ofmy invention;

Figure 4 is a plan view of the means for adjusting and regulating themixing damper shown in Figure 3;

Figure 5 is a view similar to Figure 2 showing another form of myinvention; and

Figure 6 is a view similar to Figure2 showing other forms of myinvention.

t is to be noted, however, with reference to the details of constructionshown in the respective figures of drawings that the elements andmechanisms may be used inter-' changeably in the respective structures,and combined in various other ways within the scope of my invention.That is to say, in Figure 6 a filter for the air is employed, and suchfilter may be embodied in the other forms of my invention with verylittle change in the structure thereof; also in Figure 3 automatic meansare shown for operating both the mixing damper and the duplex inletdamper, which automatic means can be einployed interchangeably for thehand-operated means shown in the other form of my invention.

Referring to the drawings, and particularly to Figure 1, the numeral 1indicates the base of the unit casing, 2 the front plate of the casingwhich has a hinged door 3, at its bott-om. The opposite ends of thecasing indicated at 4C and 5 are provided with openings through whichpass the steam supply pipe 6, and exhaust or drain pipe 7, as usual. Thetop of the casing is provided with a hinged grille 8 through which theair is driven into the room of service, the front plate of the casingbeing adapted to move vertically. if desired, and simultaneously liftthe grille 8 for recirculation and other purposes as hereinafterdescribed. In this form of my invention a motor board 9 is supported onangles 10 at the opposite ends 4 and 5 of the casing, the motor 11 beingsuitably supported by the board 9, so that it will depend into the spacebetween the board and the base 1 of the casing. The motor board alsosupports the casings 12 of rotary fans (not shown) which are operated bythe motor substantially as described in my aforesaid patent, the motorboard having openings therethrough into the chamber above the boaid inwhich the mixing damper 13 is arranged, the same being hinged at 14along its upper edge so as to depend into, and freely swing in, thespace above the motor board for the purpose of controlling thedirection`taken by the fresh air driven by the fans. The openings intothe damper chamber, through the motor board 9 are defined by the frontcasing member 2 and the opposite ends 4 and 5 of the casing and also bythe upstanding baffle plate 15 extending from end-to-end of the casingand operating as a stop or limiting means at the inner end of the swingor movement of the mixing damper 13, the front of the casing operatingas a stop or limiting means for the forward movement of said mixingdamper. The heating element (not shown in Figure 1) is arranged behindthe partition 16 on which, along its lower edge, ishinged the mixingdamper 13. At its middle, and extending vertically thereof, thepartition 16 is provided with an angular bracket 17 secured in place byany suitable means having at its front edge a guiding channel formed byparallel flanges 18 in which slides a rack-bar 19 pivotally connected atits lower end to the upper end of a link 20, the lower end of which linkis pivotally connected to the upper end of a curved arm 21, the lowerend of which is fixed at 22 approximately midway to the face of themixing damper 13. By this means the mixing damper may be shifted byhand, or swung backwardly and forwardly through the me dium of a pinion23 journaled in ears 24 of the bracket 17. the journal of the pinionbeing extended forwardly, and enlarged and squared, as at 25, for theapplication of a key or crank by which the pinion may be turned so thatin meshing with the rack-bar the latter will be raised and lowered. Thefront plate 2 of the casing is provided with an opening` surrounded byan escutcheon through which a key or crank may be entered for operatingthe pinion.

The space in which the motor and blowers are suspended will be termedthe blower chamber; the space behind the blower chamber will be termedthe inlet chamber; the space in which the mixing damper 13 operates willbe called the damper chamber; the space behind the partition 16 will becalled the heating chamber; the space between the partition 16 and thefront plate 2 of the casing will be called the by-pass chamber; and thespace above the partition 16 will be called the mixing and also thedischarge chamber. rl`he terminology will be readily understood uponreference to Figures 2, 3 and 5.

As will be presently seen upon reference to the other figures of thedrawings, the front plate 2 may be raised and lowered in order to bringabout recirculation of the air in the room'of service through the unit,and this function may also be obtained by opening the door 3 at the baseof the unit and front of the blower chamber. It will also be seen that,with the inlet chamber directly behind the blower chamber', the formerhas been located as low down as possible in the unit, thus enabling theentire unit to be made very short and capable of being set in place in arecess in the wall of a building under the windowsill of a window ofaverage height from the floor of the room of service. In this way theoperation of the window is not interfered with, light is not obstructedand the windowsill is left clear. Moreover, the opening for the inlet offresh air into the room of service or installation, can be provided forwhen the plans of the building are laid out, thus avoiding expense ofinstallation, breaking the walls of the building, economizing space, andvery greatly facilitating the installation of the unit.

With the understanding that the features described in connection withthe form of my invention shown in Figure 1 are in many respects the sameas those shown in the form of my invention of Figure 2, the latter formwill be readily understood. In this form of my invention all thefeatures thereof, which are common to the form shown in Figure 1, willbe indicated by like reference numerals, and it will be understood thatthe features of construction shown in Figures 1 and 2 may, in greatmeasure, be interchanged and substituted the one for t'he other.

Referring to the construction shown in Figure 2, it will be seen thatthe base 1 of the casing is so formed as to receive between the shallowflanges a motor board 26, this board Supporting the motor (not shown),having the central position of Figure 1, and the fan casings 27 in whichare mounted the centrifugal fans 28 which draw in the air at their aXesor eyes and throw it off at their peripheries, driving the sameupwardly, as will be readily understood. Referring now to the foregoingterminology, the blower chamber is indicated at 29, the inlet chamber at30, the damper chamber at 31, the heating chamber at 32, the by-passchamber at 33 and the miie ing and discharge chamber at 34. The passagebetween the blower chamber and the damper chamber and between the frontwall of the casing and the baffle plate 15 will be convenientlyindicated by 35.

The inlet chamber for fresh air is formed by extensions from the rearwall 36 of the casing, providing a finite structure which may be readilyset in place in the opening in the building wall provided therefor; andat the outer end of the inlet chamber 30 a grille 37 is provided toprevent birds, insects, dust, particles, etc., entering the chamber. Tokeep out rain, a plurality of stationary louvers 38 are set in thechamber 30 adjacent the screen or grille 37. n a narrow portion ot' theinlet chamber 30 a multiplex damper mechanism is applied comprising aplurality of duplex louvers 39 centrally journaled in the casing andhaving their journals connected by link-bar 40 through the medium ofarms 41 carried by the journals. ln this way the operation of any one ofthe louvers 39 will cause the sin'iultaneous operation of the others andthe movements of the multiplex damper are limited by the oppositelydisposed stationary stops 42. As shown in this form of my invention oneof the louvers is pivotally connected to a link 43 at one end of thelatter, the opposite end of which is pivotally connected to the upperend of a fulcrum-bar 44, the lower end of which is pivotally supportedat 45 upon the board 26, and to prevent said bar 44 from wabbling, it isembraced by a bracket 4G mounted on the board Q6 and between the membersof which the said bar may have oscillating movement on its fulcrum 45.At the junction point 47 a link 48 is pivoted at -its inner end, theouter end being pivotally secured to a lug 49 fixed to the inside of thefront plate 50 of the casing. ln this form of my invention the frontplate of the casing is not provided with a hinged door at its bottom;but, is mounted on the casing so as to slide vertically and be raisedand lowerecL so as to likewise manipulate the grille 8, hinged at 8a tothe front edge of the top 51 of the casing. T he front plate 50 of thecasing is provided, at a proper point, with an aperture 52, protected byescutcheon 52a through which a key or crank may be inserted forapplication to the end 25 of the ournal on which the operating` pinion23 is mounted for actuating the mixing damper 13 as heretoforedescribed. The lower edge of the front plate 5() of the casing isprovided with a flange 53, adapted to interlock with the front edge 54of the base, which is flanged correspondingly for theI purpose. lt willbe seen that when the front plate is raised and lowered, the linkageconnection therefrom to the duplex inlet damper will operate the lattercorrespondingly; that is to say, when the front plate 50 is raised toproduce an opening at the bottom of the casing, the linkage connectionwill close the dampers 39, and hold them set in the full line positionshown in Figure 2. lll/Then, however, the front plate 50 is lowered, orin normal position, the linkage connection will open the damper so thatthe louvers thereof will be in the dotted line position. Thismanipulation means that, for normal operation of the unit, the frontplate 50 will be lowered, the dampers will be open, and the grille S atthe top of the apparatus .will be lowered. Thus fresh air will enterthrough the inlet chamber into the blower chamber 29, drawn by the fans28, and driven by the latter through the passage into either one or bothof the chambers 31 and 33. On the other hand, when the front plate israised the inlet dampers will be closed and the grille 8 at the top ofthe casing will be raised. Thus, the cold air in the room of service, orinstallation of the unit, naturally descending to the floor and base ofthe unit, will enter the opening at the front of the casing into theblower chamber, being drawn thereinto by the fans, and be driven throughthe passage into either one or both of the chambers 31 and 33 accordingto the position of the mixingl damper 13. It may be noted that theadjustment of the front plate, either up or down, respectively raisingand lowering the grille 8, does not bring about any modification in theoperation of the unit, so far as the grille 8 is concerned, it beingunderstood that the grille 8 is hinged and thus enabled to be operatedby the front plate 50 for convenience and ingress rather than for anoperational or functional purpose of the unit. lt is also noted that thelinkage connection between the front plate 50 and the multiplex inletdamper is a form of toggle mechanism.

As will be seen from the mode of operating the mixing damper 13, asdescribed with reference to Figure 1, and now apparent in Figure 2, thesaid damper can be shifted between two extremes to any one of aplurality of positions, and that when the mixing damper is in the fullline position of Figure 2 the by-pass chamber 33 is entirely cut off,while the air driven by the fans has free ingress to the damper chamber31 and heating chamber 32 in which the radiator is mounted in anysuitable manner. lVlien, however, the mixing damper 13 is at theopposite extreme of its movement, or in Contact with the baffle 15, thedamper chamber and heating chamber are completely cut oft and the coldair driven by the fans will pass through the chamber 33 and by-pass theheater. In either event the air will pass through the discharge chamber34 and through the grille 8 at the top of the casing; but, in passingthrough the heating chamber the hot air, in greater volume, will bedeflected or shunted oft1 the plate 56 set diagonally between the hingesof thle grille and the top of the heater. If the mixing damper 13 beadjusted into any one of the positions indicated by the intermediatedotted lines shown in Figure 2, or into any one of many otherintermediate positions, the air driven by the fans will pass, accordingto such adjustment, proportionally through the bypass chamber 33 and theheating chamber 32 into the mixing and discharge chamber 34 where thecold and hot air will be mixed and issue into the room of servicetempered to the degree predetermined by the adjustment of the mixingdamper.

Referring to Figures 1 and 2, and with particular reference to theradiator, it will be seen that, at the opposite ends of the unit,headers 57 are secured in place by brackets 58 into which the steam pipe6 and the drain pipe 7, are respectively fastened, the headers receivingthe opposite ends of the radiator tubes 59, which are thus held inposition relatively, quite strongly and rigidly and are prevented frombeing injured in any manner when the coupling of the pipes 6 and 7 ismade to the headers. The headers are chambers, the one for receiving anddiusing the heating fluid and the other for receiving and draining thecondensation or liquid to be returned or exhausted. The radiator, inthis instance of my invention, is made most eflicient by the use ofseamless, bronze tubing around which is wound and mechanically fasteneda helical surface constituting fins 60. The tubes are mechanicallycoupled in any suitable manner, to the headers 57 which are made ofbrass. This construction, constituting a multitube radiator, not onlygives strength and durability to the radiator; but, provides an immenseradiating surface in small compass and very light structure limited onlyby the number of tubes employed, or the diameter of the heliX providingthe radiating fins.

In the form of my invention shown in Figures 1 and 2, the mixing damper13 may be automatically operated and controlled thermostatically, andthis is also true of the multiplex inlet damper, in manner similar tothe dalnpers now to be described with reference to the form of myinvention shown in Figures 3 and 4, in which latter figures all theparts and features, similar to those in the structures of Figures 1 and2, will be indicated by like reference numerals.

ln Figure 3 the parts and features of the inlet chamber 30, themultiplex damper, the motor and blower means, the mixing damper, theradiator, the grille at the top of the casing, and certain details ofconstruction pertaining to said features, are all the same as in Figure2, and are indicated by like reference characters. As in Figure 1 of thedrawings, the unit of Figure 3 has its front plate 2 provided at itsbottom with a hinged door 3 adapted to be opened for recirculation,inspection and other purposes. The means for operating the mixing damperand the means for operating the inlet damper are dierent and will now bedescribed.

ln the form of my invention of Figures 3 and 4l, the mixing damper 13,hinged to the partition 16, and adapted to swing between the front plate2 of the casing and the bafiie 15, is actuated and controlled by a motorin the form of a so-called sylphon 61 secured to the back plate 36 ofthe casing within 'the chamber 31. The motor casing 61 contains adiaphragm or bellows (not shown) which actuates a plunger 62 extendingthrough the motor casing, to which is pivoted a lever 63, also pivotedat its adjacent end to an ear or lug 64 on the motor casing. Theopposite end of the lever 63 is pivotally connected to a link 65, inturn pivoted at its outer' end to the mixing damper 13. The lever (53 isactuated by the motor against the control or pull of a spring 66 securedto the lever adja cent the motor casing and to the back plate 36 of theunit casing. Thus, when air is admitted to the sylphon 61 the plunger 62will be driven outwardly, turning the lever 63 on its fulcrum at 64causing the link 65 to shift the mixing damper 13 toward the front plate2 of the unit casing. The admission of air to the sylphon is undercontrol of either thermostatic or electrical means, or under handcontrol conveniently located in the room of service or installation ofthe unit. When the motor 61 loses control of the lever 63, as bybleeding air through an aperture provided in the motor casing, reverseaction of the lever 63 will take place, thus shifting the mixing damperin the opposite direction or toward the baffle 15. The bleeding actionof the motor and the movement of the lever 63 are aided by the spring66, which takes control of the lever and of the mixing damper when themotor loses control. Hence, the mixing damper may be automaticallyshifted thermostatically or, as otherwise described, according to thetemperature in the room of service so as'to enable more or less of coldair to pass through the heating chamber and the ley-pass chamber intothe mixing chamber 34, there to be mixed and delivered through thegrille 8 into the room ofservice. Tf, for any reason, the temperature ofthe room of service rises suddenly, the damper 13 may be shifted intocontact with the baffle 15, thus enabling the cold air to be drivenentirely through the byepass chamber 33 into the chamber 34 so as topass, practically at atmospheric temperature into the room of service.Tf, vfor any reason, the temperature in the room of service dropssuddenly, the mixing damper 13 may be automatically shifted intoengagement with the front plate 2 of the casing, thus completely closingthe by-pass chamber and causing all the air, driven by the fans, to passsuccessively through the chambers 31, 32 and 311 and through the grilleat the top of the casing, heated to its maximum.

The multiplex inlet damper may be actuated either automatically ormanually, and various means may be employed for the purpose. Tn Figure 3T have shown both auto matic means and manual means as follows: A motor67 of the sylphon type, the same as motor 61, is similarly caused toactuate a lever 68 and link 69, the latter being pivoted to the hingeddoor 3 of the front casing member 2. The linkage between the door 3 andthe motor 67 may be substantially the same as that shown in Figure l foroperating the mixing damper. Thus, when air is admitted to the sylphon67, automatically or otherwise, the door 3 may be shifted into thedotted line position Figure 3. This will cause the multiplex dampermembers 39 to be shifted into dotted line position to close the inletchamber 30, against the admission of fresh air into the blower chamber29. This is done by providing a link 70 between the door 3 and one ofthe damper members 39, the other end of the link 70 being pivotallyconnected, as shown in Figure 3, to the middle damper member 39 as at 71to a lug secured to said damper member. The other end of the link 70 isformed into a hook 72 which engages a loop Z 3 on the inside of the door3. Thus, when recirculation of the air in the room through the unit isdesired, the sylphon 67 is set in action, causing the door 3 to beopened, and the link 70 to be shifted, causing the multiplex inletdamper to be closed. Cold air, falling to the bottom of the casing orfloor of the room, will enter the opening at 3, being drawn in by thefan, and be driven by the latter through the unit in any one of the wayspreviously described. lf it is desired to operate the recirculatingmeans manually, the sylphon 67 and linkage connection may be omitted, orthe linkage connection may be made sufficiently flexible to permit themembers thereof to move vertically when the front plate 2 of the casingis lifted manually, causing the grille 8 to rise into approximately thedotted line position Figure 3, and the multiplex damper members 39 to beclosed by the link 70, hooked to the door 3 and caused to rise with thefront plate 2.

As previously indicated, the mixing damper operating means and the inletdamper operating means of Figures 1, 2 and 3, may be interchanged orsubstituted the one for the other, as will be readily understood, withslight mechanical change.

In the form of my invention shown in Figure 5, the inlet damper andconnecting means, the hinged door 3, the motor and blower, the mixingdamper, heater and incidental features of construction are allsubstantially7 the same as shown in Figures 2 and 3. The mixing damperactuating and controlling means of Figure 5 are shown to be the same asin Figure 2, and the mode of suspending the motor and blowers in theblower chamber is the same as in Figure 1. There are certain details ofconstruction and mechanisms which differ and will now be described. Thetop of the casing, while provided with a grille 8, is entirely rigid,both the inclined front portion and horizontal portion having theirframe 74 made rigid and fixed in place on the back plate 36 and ends ofthe casing. The front plate 2 has the swinging door 3 at the bottom thesame as in Figures 1 and 3, and the multiplex inlet damper is actuatedby the link-bar 75, pivoted at its front end to the door 3 and at itsrear end to a rigid arm 76 extending from the lower member 39 of themultiplex inlet damper. lVhen the door 3 is opened, the inlet dampermembers will be closed as shown in full lines in the figure, theoperation being aided by the pull of a spring 77 hooked to lug 78carried by the bar 7 5, and also to an upstanding bracket 7 9 betweenthe plates of which the bar 75, is guided to prevent undue lateralmovement. lVhen the door 3 is closed the damper members 39 will beopened or shifted to the hori- Zontal dotted line positions shown inFigure 5, the movement of the bar being against the pull of the spring77, the latter being distended, placed under tension and thus normallytending to shift the link toward the front of the machine with a normaltendency to open the door 3, and close the damper members 39. Themixing-damper is handoperated and controlled in the same manner asdescribed with reference to the structure shown in Figure 2. The mode ofoperation of this form of my invention will be readily understood fromthe description given in connection with the other figures.

Figure 6 of the drawings shows a form of unit having several novelfeatures; but, also containing a number of features common to the formspreviously described. That is to say, the fresh air inlet and containedmechanisms may be the same as in Figures 2, 3 and 5; the motor andblowers may be the same as in Figures 2 and 3; and the recirculatingmeans may be the same as in Figures 1, 3 and 5, the grille 8 beinghinged, and made in accordance with the showing of Figures 1, 2 and 3.The radiator is the same as described with reference to the other formsof my invention. In Figure 6 I have shown, in the chamber immediatelyabove the blower chamber, an air filter indicated at 80, the same beingsupported at the back and front of the casing on angles 81, or in anyother suitable way. By placing the filter 8O in the damper chamber 31between the blowers and mixing damper, I am enabled to lilter and clearthe air driven by the blowers of all foreign substances. The filter mabe of any of the commercial types; but, have found a filter composed ofsteel-liber treated with an adhesive substance to operate veryeffectively and give satisfaction. The fiber may be held in a framecapable of preventing it from being displaced under agitation of theair. It will be understood that other materials may be used thansteel-fiber, the requisite thereof being that they shall permit the freepassage of the air driven by the fans, be capable of preventing thepassage of insects, or substances which may pass through the grille atthe inlet passage or chamber, and have the characteristics or quality ofholding, absorbing or retaining a liquid, or viscous substance, so thatparticles of dust and dirt can be caught and barred from passage to theroom of service, and disinfectant and medicinal vapors or fluids can bedischarged into the room 0f service.

The mixing damper in this form of my invention is multiplex in form andis shown to consist of a plurality of damper members 82, arranged in thespace below the radiator and between the back plate 36 of the casing andthe partition 16 forming the front of the heating chamber. Anotherdamper member is indicated at 83, pivotally mounted at the entrance tothe by-pass chamber 33. The damper 83 controls the passage around theradiator, while the dampers 82 control the passage through the radiator.In addition to the dampers just described, I provide at the top of theradiator in the discharge chamber 34 other dampers 84 which control thepassage of air from the heating chamber into the discharge chamber. Thedampers 84 operate both in the heating chamber at its top, and thedischarge chamber 34, while the dampers 82 operate both in the heatingchamber, at its bottom, and the damper or filter chamber 31, and thedamper 83 operates in the by-pass chamber and filter chamber. All thedampers 83, 82 and 84 are linked together for conjoint operation, asfollows: each of the dampers 82 and 83 is provided with an arm 85extending from its axis, and said arms are connected pivotally to a baror link 86, so that all of said dampers shall operate together. However,dampers 82 are arranged in parallelism with each other so that eachthereof will be shifted in the same direction and to the same extenttogether; but, damper 83 is set on its axis at a right mea-,seo

angle to dampers 82, so that when damper 83 is shifted to close theentrance to the bypass chamber 33 the dampers 82 will be shifted to openthe entrance to the heating chamber 32, this position of the dampers and83 being shown in full lines in Figure G. The reverse operation takesplace when the dampers are reversely shifted; that is to say, whendamper 83 is moved to the dotted line positions so as to open thepassage to chamber 33, the dampers 82 will be shifted to close theentrance to the heating chamber 32. The dampers 82 and 83 may be shiftedinto any one of many intermediate positions between the extremes justdescribed, and this may be accomplished by either hand means orautomatic means such as described in connection with the other forms ofmy invention. rllhe hand-operated means shown in Figure 6 are the sameas shown in Figures l, 2 and 5, excepting that the rack-bar 2O in Figure6 is directly connected pivotally to one end of a link 87, the oppositeend of which is pivotally connected at 88 to a lug on the damper member83. Otherwise the operating means are the same as shown in Figures l, 2and 5, and like parts are similarly designated. The dampers 84 are eachprovided with a crank arm 89 extending from its axis, said arm beingpivotally connected to a link 90 for conjoint operation. The rear dampermember, at its rear end, is provided with a lug 91 to which is pivotallyconnected the upper end of a long bar or link 92, the lower end of whichis connected pivotally to an arm 93 extendingl rearwardly from the axisof the rear damper member 82, so that when the lower dampers 82 areshifted to close the entrance to the heating chamber 32, the upperdampers 84 will be shifted simultaneously to close the exit from theheating chamber or entrance into the discharge chamber, as clearly shownby the dotted line positions of the respective dampers 82 and 84. Aspreviously described, when this condition exists, viz: the heatingchamber being shut oif from the admission of air and the delivery ofair, the by-pass chamber 33 will be open for the admission and passageof cold air, and vice versa.

The mode of operation of this form of my invention will be understoodwhen it is remembered that any one of the structures shown in Figures 2,3 and 5, at the bottom of the unit, may be installed so that theadmission of fresh air may be controlled, the air driven by the blowersinto the upper part of the unit, and recirculation through the unit cantake place all as has been described. Additionally, the air traversingthe passage 35 from the blowers, is filtered in the chamber 31 throughthe filtering medium 80, and then passes through the upper chambers andis discharged into the room of service according to the position of thedampers 82,

83 and 84. That is to say, with the by-pass damper 83, in position asshown in full lines, and the dampers 82 and 84, in position as shown infull line-s, all the air driven by the blowers and filtered will passthrough the heating chamber and receive its maximum temperature beforedelivery into the room of service through the grille at the top of theunit. rlhe delivery directly through the grille is aided by the positionof the dampers 84, as normally set with reference to the dampers 82,because said dampers 84, as normally set for the passage of hot air,operate as detiectors to shunt and direct the hot air through the grille8, thereby preventing it from becoming pocketed in the angular space ofthe discharge chamber 34, directly under the top plate 5l of the unitCasing. On the other hand, when it is desired to by-pass the heatingchamber with cold air, the damper 83 is shifted into the dotted lineposition, (open) which causes the dampers 82 and 84 to be shifted intothe dotted line positions, (closed) the latter dampers thus completelycutting off and boxing in the heating chamber and heating elementcontained therein. This position of the dampers enables the air, drivenby the blowers through the filter, to pass approximately atatn'iospheric temperature through the by-pass chamber 33 and dischargechamber 34 and grille 8 into the room of service. These two extremes ofadjustment can be indefinitely varied, as by shifting the damper 83 fromthe full to the dotted line positions and simultaneously shifting thedampers 82 and 84, proportionally, thus enabling the air, driven by theblowers through the filters, to pass partly through the by-pass chamberand partly through the heating chamber 30, and converting the dischargechamber also into a mixing chamber and causing the hot and cold air tocombine therein and be delivered at any predetermined temperature, aboveatmospheric temperature, through the grille 8 into the room of service.The adjusting and controlling means heretofore described enables theinteracting dampers to be shifted manually or automatically into any oneof a plurality of positions between the extremes, in order to deliverair, into the room of service, at any predetermined temperature desired.Bampers 84 are limited in their movements by stops 84a, dampers 82 bystop 82, and damper 83 by stop 83a.

ln all forms of my invention, the sliding front plate of the casing canbe raised sufficiently to permit inspection, repairs and adjustments tobe made of the motor, blowers, lter, dampers and radiators, or the saidfront plate may be entirely removed as occasion requires.

As previously explained, the mechanisms which have been described asconstituting the various alternative forms of my invention,

may be interchanged, so that any one of the units shown in therespective figures can be made to operate precisely as desired andequipped precisely as required, so as to meet the demands of commerce,the fastidiousness of architects, builders and public service boards,and to satisfy both structurally and economically Variant ideas of whatthe unit should do or be caused to do in any given situation.

I desire to lay stress upon the filter 8O as an important part of myinvention, since it can be made use of at any time to disinfect a room,served by the unit, without disturbing or affecting other sections orrooms of the building, and because it requires renewal or otherattention only semioccasionally. In fact, the filter structure has anumber of useful and important purposes, since it can be located in anyof the chambers of the unit between the blower and discharge chambers,and since it can carry any hind of solution or material, or substancefor cleansing, purifying, medicating or disinfecting purposes, havingreference to the air discharged into the room of service or thecondition of the air in the room of service. It will thus be seen thatthe unit is useful and important in schools, hospitals, public assemblyrooms, sich rooms and other places where the functional resultssuggested can be attained.

I-Iaving thus described my invention what I claim and desire to secureby Letters Patent is l. A heating and Ventilating unit comprising acasing divided into a blower chamber, fresh air inlet chamber, heatingchamber, and discharge chamber, the inlet and blower chambers being onebehind the other at the bottom of the casing, and the discharge chamberbeing at the top of the casing; and means for controlling the passage ofair from the blower chamber through the heating chamber.

2. A heating and Ventilating unit comprising a casing having air heatingmeans, an air discharge chamber, a blower chamber at the bottom of thecasing, and an inlet chamber adjacent the blower chamber; a dampermechanism interposed between the inlet chamber and the blower chamber;and means whereby the damper may be shifted to control the admission ofairto the blower chamber.

3. A heating and Ventilating unit comprising a casing having a door inits front wall at the bottom, a blower chamber at its bottom and a freshair inlet chamber adjacent thereto; a multiplex damper interposedbetween the two chambers; and means connecting the said door with saiddamper for actuating the damper to control the passage of air from onechamber to the other.

4. A heating and Ventilating unit comprising a casing having a blowerchamber and a fresh air inlet chamber adjacent thereto; multiplex damperarranged between the two chambers and controlling the passage of airfrom the one to the other; and means for actuating the damper includinga rod connecting the members of the damper for simultaneous operation, abar connected to one of the damper members, a movable member to whichthe bar is pivotally connected, and means for actuating said member.

5. In combination with the inlet chamber of a heating and Ventilatingunit, a multiplex damper mounted in the chamber comprising a pluralityof damper members pivotally mounted and connected for simultaneousoperation; a bar pivotally connected to one of the damper members; amovable fulcrum on which the bar is pivotally mounted; and means foractuating the bar to shift the damper.

6. A heating and Ventilating unit comprising a casing having a blowerchamber and an inlet chamber; a multiplex damper located in the inletchamber and controlling the admission of' air to the blower chamber; andtoggle mechanism for actuating the damper.

7. In combination with a heating and ventilating unit having at itsbottom an inlet chamber and a blower chamber; a damper for regulatingthe admission of air from the inlet chamber to the blower chamber; thecasing having at its front a movable member; and connections between thedamper and the said movable member for shifting the damperproportionally with the movement of said member, substantially asdescribed.

8. A heating and Ventilating unit comprising a casing having a blowerchamber and an inlet chamber; a multiplex damper controlling theadmission of air to the blower chamber; a toggle mechanism for actuatingthe damper; and automatic means for actuating the toggle mechanism.

9. A heating and Ventilating unit comprising a casing having a blowerchamber and an inlet chamber; a damper for regulating the admission ofair to the blower chamber; the casing having at its front a movablemember; and a toggle mechanism connected to the damper and to themovable member for regulating the action of the damper.

l0. A heating and Ventilating unit comprising a casing having inlet andblower' chambers at its bottom; a damper between the two chambers forcontrolling the admission of air to the blower chamber; said casinghaving a vertically sliding front member; and toggle mechanism betweenthe said damper and member, whereby as the said member is shifted, thedamper is shifted correspondingly.

ll. A heating and Ventilating unit comprising a casing having a blowerchamber and an inlet chamber at its bottom; a damper conmultiplex'trolling the admission of air to the blower chamber; the casing having adischarge out-- let at its top and a grille hinged to the top of thecasing and extending over the outlet; a vertically sliding memberclosing the front of the casing and extending under the grille; andoperating connections between the damper and said member whereby thedamper and grille may be simultaneously shifted, substantially asdescribed.

12. A heating and Ventilating unit comprising a casing having a blowerchamber and an inlet chamber at its bottom; a damper for regulating theadmission 0f air to the blower chamber; the casing having a movablemember at its bottom; connections between the movable member and thedamper for shifting the latter; and means for normally holding thecasing member in closed position.

13. A heating and Ventilating unit comprising a casing having at itsbottom a blower chamber and an inlet chamber; a damper for regulatingthe admission of air to the blower chamber; the casing having a movablemember at its bottom; a connection between the movable member and thedamper for shifting the latter; and means adapted to normally hold thecasing member closed and the damper open.

14. A heating and Ventilating unit comprising a casing having at itsbottom a blower chamber and at its top a discharge chamber; the casinghaving a member vertically slide able to provide an opening at thebottom of the casing; an inlet damper and connections therefrom to theslideable member, whereby, when the casing member is shifted, the dampermay be closed, so that the blower may draw air into the bottoni of thecasing through the opening and drive the same through the dischargechamber.

15. A heating and Ventilating unit comprising a casing having a heatingchamber at its back; a damper located at the entrance to the heatingchamber means for actuating the damper located at the front of thecasing and accessible for operation through said casing front, saiddamper actuating means including a rack-bar, pinion and connection tosaid damper.

16. A heating and Ventilating unit comprising a casing having a blowerchamber, a heating chamber and a discharge chamber; a mixing damperlocated at the entrance to the heating chamber; and means within thecasing for actuating the damper including a rack-bar, a pinion foractuating the bar, and a connection between the bar and damper.

17. A heating and Ventilating unit comprising a casing having a chamberat its bottom; a support defining the top of said chamber and having apassage therethrough; a motor and blower suspended in said chamber fromthe bottom of said support; a fresh air inlet at the bottom of saidcasing for supplying air to the blower; heating means above the supportfor the air driven by the blower; and a discharge chamber for the heatedair at the top of the casing.

18. A heating and Ventilating unit comprising a casing having a blowerchamber and an inlet chamber both at its bottom; a heating chamberlocated above the blower chamber; a discharge chamber at the top of thecasing with an opening for the discharge of air into the room ofservice; and a deflector within the casing between the heater and thedischarge opening for shunting the heated air through the said opening.

19. A heating and Ventilating unit comprising a casing having a heatingchamber at its back; a damper located at the entrance to the heatingchamber; means for actuating the damper located at the front of thecasing and accessible for operation through said casing front; saiddamper actuating means including a rack-bar.y pinion and connection tosaid damper, the pinion shaft being square and extended to adjacent thecasing, whereby said extension may be manipulated for actuatin thedamper.

20. A heating and Ventilating unit comprising a casing divided into adischarge chamber; a heating chamber; a damper chamber; and a blowerchamber, said several chambers being one below the other in the ordernamed; the discharge chamber having a permanently open discharge passageat its top; a fresh air inlet chamber adjacent the blower chamber; adamper pivotally mounted in the damper chamber and adapted to be shiftedto control the passage of air through the heating chamber; a damper inthe fresh air chamber controlling admission of air thereto; the casinghaving a front plate provided with means at its bottom whereby anopening may be produced to permit air to enter the blower chamber fromthe room of service; means for shifting the pivoted damper; and meansconnecting the fresh air damper with the means at the bottom of thefront plate, whereby recirculation of the air in the room of service,through the unit, may be brought about under control of and regulated bythe dampers.

21. A heating and Ventilating unit com prising a casing embodying aheating chamber; a by-pass chamber; damper mechanisms arranged atopposite ends of said heating chamber; and means for actuating saiddamper mechanisms, whereby they may be simultaneously operated to eitherentirely open the heating chamber or entirely close said chamber.

22. A heating and Ventilating unit em bodying a heating chamber and aby-pass chamber beside the same; a dampery at the entrance to theheating chamber; a damper at the entrance to the by-pass chamber; adamper at the exit of the heating chamber;

lll() and means connecting the several dampers for simultaneousoperation, whereby when the by-pass damper is operated to close theby-pass chamber the other dampers will be 5 simultaneously opened, andvice versa.

23. A heating and Ventilating unit embodying a heating chamber and aby-pass chamber; a damper at the entrance to the bypass chamber; adamper at the eXit of the heating chamber; and means connecting the twodampers whereby, when one is open, the other will be simultaneouslyclosed7 and vice versa.

24. A heating and Ventilating unit comprising a casing having a heatingchamber at its back; a by pass chamber at its front parallel with theheating chamber; a dam er located at the entrance to the heating andypass chambers; and means for actuating the damper located at the frontof the casing Within the by-pass chamber and accessible for operationthrough said casing front.

25. A heating and Ventilating unitl comprising an enclosing casinghaving an inlet chamber at its bottom, a discharge chamber at its top,heating and by-pass chambers between the top and bottom chambers; ablower disposed in a chamber below the heating and by-pass chambers andadjacent the inlet chamber; and a. filter arranged in the casing belowthe heating chamber whereby fresh air entering the inlet chamber maypass through the filter before entering the heating chamber.

26. A heating and Ventilating unit comprising an inclosing casing havingan inlet chamber, a discharge chamber, heating and by-pass chambers; ablower chamber; and filtering means disposed in the path of the airthrough the unit and adapted to clean the air during its passage to theheating and by-pass chambers.

MICHAEL J. CALLAI-IAN.

